《独立宣言》解读:我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的:人人生而平等,造物者赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利,其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。(We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.)++

重点:all men(不包括女性),created equal(不包括非上帝的选民)

这段话是仿照了洛克《政府论》中的这段话:It is not without reason that he seeks out and is willing to join in society with others who are already united, or have a mind to unite for the mutual preservatuon of their lives,liberties and estates, which I call by the general name — property.

洛克的原话里是有“财产”(estate)的提法的,在独立宣言里换为了“the pursuit of Happiness”,所以,美国的宪法是不保障个财产神圣不可侵犯的,有些时候是可以侵犯的,比如对印地安、黑,以及战时的敌国公民或者侨民,没准过些年就能见到实例。